Why your dog pulls on the leash, and 4 fixes that work

Dogs pull for a simple reason: it works. Every time pulling gets them closer to a smell, a dog or a person, the habit gets stronger. The fix is to make walking beside you pay off better than pulling does.

Before you start

• Bring small, soft treats in an easy-to-reach pocket.
• Practice first somewhere boring, like your hallway or driveway, before busy streets.
• Expect progress over weeks, not one walk.

Four fixes

1. Stop and stand. The moment the leash goes tight, stop. Wait until there's slack, then walk on. Your dog learns that pulling stops the walk and a loose leash starts it again.
2. Reward the sweet spot. Every few steps that your dog is next to your leg, drop a treat right there. Lots of rewards early, fewer as it improves.
3. Change direction. If your dog surges ahead, calmly turn and walk the other way. Reward when they catch up beside you.
4. Let sniffing be the reward. Say "go sniff" and let your dog explore for a moment as a reward for a stretch of loose-leash walking.

Does gear help?

A well-fitted front-clip harness can reduce pulling while you train, because it gently turns the dog toward you. It's a management tool, not a replacement for training. Avoid gear that works by causing pain, such as prong or choke collars.

General information, not veterinary advice. If your dog's behavior changes suddenly, talk to your vet.